Aiming apparatus for antiaircraft fire



Jan. 17, 1933.

y R. RIBEROLLES AIMING APPARATUS FOR ANTIAIRCRAFT FIRE Filed June l. 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 17, 1933.

R. RIBEROLLES AIMING APPARATUS FOR ANTIA'IRCRAFT FIRE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June l. 1931 mf?, Venr Helle HlO//es Jan. 17, 1933. R. RIBEROLLES A 894788 AIMING APPARATUS FOR ANTIAIRCRAFT FIRE Filed June 1. 1951 s sheets-sheet 3 Patented Jan. 17, 1933 REN RIBEROLLES, 0F PARIS, FRANCE Anm-NG APPARATUS ron ANTIAIRCRAFU FIRE Application filed Jane 1, 1931, Serial No. 541,317, and in France .Tune 7, 1930.

In ring against aerial objectives such as aeroplanes peculiar difficulties arise owing to the rapid displacement of the objective in front of the gun.

Y It is necessary in fact in firing on such objectives to effect not only the intersection of the trajectories of the objective and of the projectile but also the arrival at the same instant of the objective and of the projectile at the point of intersection of the trajectories.

The present invention relates toV an apparatus which `overcomes the above mentioned difficulty.

An aiming apparatus according to the invention is illustrated by way of example on the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a diagram showing the principle of the aiming apparatus according to the invention. I

Fig. 2 illustrates a -contrivance for determining a length proportional to the distance of the objective from the piece.

Fig. 3 is a section showing the details of the aiming apparatus according to the invention.

l Fig. 4 is a view of the entire aiming apparatus mounted on an anti-aircraft gun.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal s ection of the telescope mounting along the aXis AA thereof.

The principle of the apparatus according to the invention is illustrated by Fig. l. P is the lire arm, P1 a lateral observation post, A0 theposition of the objective at'the departure of the projectile, and A its position on the arrival of the projectile.

AOA is assumed to be straight, V' being the velocity of the objective, assumed to be constant along the path AOA, t being the time taken by the projectile to go from'P to A, l finally being the distance from P to P1, it is evident that:

If a line parallel to AOA is taken through P, and on this parallel line, starting from the point A a distance is produced,`and if through the point B obtained a parallel line to AoP is taken which cuts PA at a point C, the two triangles PAoA and PB@ obtained are similar, the following proportion is deduced: '155 or, if PA, PB, A0A are replaced by their value asa function of VLD I t 1 465 P0 D X V Moreover, the ratio ofthe triangles is 70 @i i* z A PA D VD Itis thus seen that if at CPB is reproduced a triangle similar to the spatial triangle PAoA on the scale Vip the sides PB and PC have the values indicated above and that if the side BC is materialized by a rod bearing a telescopic sight directed on the objective, the side PO will represent the direction to be given to the gun in order to be aimed at the position of the objective on the arrival of the projectile. y

In order toy reproduce this triangle, it is necessary that thev side PB of the triangle be made equal to and directed parallel to the path of the objective and that the length of the side PC be made equal to ,if

The choiceof the scale V-lD of reproduction gaat s) f being a function dependent on' the ballistic conditions of the fire.

Being grantedfthe scale whichit is neces-V 5 sary to choose for the reproduction of the `5 mission of movement would be rendered ex-l tremely dificult. Y Y

These remarks emphasize the vital importance of the choice'ot1 the scale Y 0 The length of the side PC will be made equal to l by meanslof` a simple graduation in velocity, the processes employed to ascertain this speed being outside the presentin- 5 vention.

This side of the triangle will be constituted by an arm pivoted about Aa horizontal axis fast with the displacement in site ot the gun andv constantly parallel with this latter. Y

=0 y At the 'point C will be pro-vided an eye or 1the equivalent. The rod BC will be iixed at Bv and will lbe capable of sliding at C through the eye. f l Y At the point B, the joint will be constitut- 5 ed by a support with a vertical axis, v4Carrying a horizontal axis to whichv will be fixed the rod BC' and the telescope; v

l By this means, the rotations ofthe telescope about these axes, during the move!- 0 ment of the apparatus will register the4 azi- .muth and the site of thel position A0 of the objective at the departure of the projectile.

To summarize, if on the above described apparatus is registered the altitude, the ve- 55 locity and the direction of the target, and if,

by actuating the controls of the gun (that is 'to say also of the arm PC) the telescope (that is to say the side BC) is aimed atthe objective, the arm PC (that is to say the gun) will be found to be directed towards theposition which the objective will occupy at the arrival of the projectile. Y

The arrangement which has just been described can also be used to correctparallaxes in the case of a lateral observation.

In fact if the triangle PPl A (Fig. l) is reproduced on the scale (T57), the advantages are the same as those explained above in regard to the scale Vip of the triangle PBC;

P B1 C1 being this triangle: v Its' sides-have the value:

lP0 e '(11) If therefore the side B101 is rendered parallel to thedirection 131A of the objective, seenfroin the central post, the side PC1- (that is to say the gun) will be directed .on the target. Y p Y In order to render the sides B1 Ci and P1A parallel it suffices to transmit to the telescopel from the gun, directed along B1 C1, the site and azimuth found at the central post P1.

ln'verselyjvf these latter elements are transinitted to the rgun (that is to say to the side P C1),the telescope (that is to say the side B101)v will be found directed on, the target.

In order that the reconstitution of the tri angle maybe complete, it will suiice to give the sidePC1 the length by means .of a

graduatiomfto direct the vector PB1 once n for all"alongthe base and to maintain its length equal to ll sin. s,

by a mechanism of'lthelrind hereinafter de-V latedirom this post, the apparatus which forms' the subject of the present invention, automatically converts these elements into site and azimuth appropriate to the gun, that A,ico

is to say corrected of the effect of parallax dueto the distance between the lateral post and the gun, calledthe base.

' This second use can. be carried out in two ways; either the telescope itself of the aiming mechanism registers the data imparted from the post7 andin such case, itl is4 the gun which will be directed towards the target, or it is the gun which registers `the data imparted` from the post and it will be the telescope which willbe vdirected towards the target.

VThis latter case" is that where itis sought to the functioning of the apparatus as aiming apparatus or as corrector. of parallax is eected by asingle diierential mechanism working according to the obvious formula t t+1: k

where k is an arbitrary constant which depends only on the scales chosen.

In order to give at will to the vector PB t D fore either to let the mechanisms function dierentially, according to the above formula, or to suppress the part of this mechanism in such manner as to leave a length or a length it will suiiice therein action only the part in two differential movements and haver D will be carried out by a cam actuated at h and s, quite similar to that which has been previously provided for ll) as there is obviously also:

t-l-k D- =j(i s).

The part would equally be able to be carried out by cam motion actuated at 7L and s.

F ig. 2 illustrates a mechanism enabling on the aiming apparatus a length to nuas1n.s l

h that is to say to D- terialize equal to An arm O B is connected to the movement in site of the arm PCC1 0f Fig. l. Its yrotation about the axis O will therefore be equal to s.

0n this arm is mounted a screw V, actuated by gearing el e.2 one of which is driven by a spindle extending along the axis of rotation of the arm QB, in such manner as to be capable of being actuated even during rotation of such arm.y

A nut E on the screw V provided with a roller G is fixed at a distance OAA On the roller G bears a straight ledge a al of a sliding plate C, constrained by guides to be displaced perpendicularly' to a al. It is seen that if by construction a a1 passes n through 0 to the zero site, the displacementqo of the slide C will be equal to:

sin.s l

h D k Y Fig. 3 illustrates the entire aiming aphis paratus.

P1 C1 is the arm fast in site` with the displacements of the gun. It turns about the horizontal axis PlX under the action of av toothed wheel R, fast with this arm and'80 which gears with a worm V1 moved by hand by the handwheel V. On the same shaft P1X is keyed the pinion V.1 which gears with the rack C9 fast with the barrel, andpro-A duces the displacements of this latter according to the sites.

On the arm is a screw V2 actuated by gearing el e2. The shaft of e2 extends through that of the arm P1 C1 in such manner as to F- be able to be actuated from a fixed point, "90 outside the arm. The pitch of the screw V2 is selected sufciently small for the error introduced by the rotation of the arm, in the drive of screw to be quite negligible. (The f same result could otherwise be obtained by driving the screw V2 through the medium of a dierential.)

V@n the screw V2 is mounted a nut C1 carrying a horizontal rod C10 parallel to P1X s :lind terminatingin an eye C or the equivaent. Y

Through this eye slides a rod CB controlling a telescope L, preferably elbow'ed, the optical axis of which is parallel to BC. A

The point Bis situated by construction in the horizontal plane passing through P1.

The telescope Lis mounted on a horizontal shaft BL perpendicular` to BG and turning in a support S itself` capable of turning about 211| a vertical. axis y1 y.

The telescope can therefore be directed in all directions. Graduations, not shown, will enable the value of the rotations of the telen scope about its two axes to be read, which 11i rotations are none other than the site and azimuth of the position of the objective at the moment of sighting` (A0 of Fig. l)

The support S is fixed on a slide C1 constrained by a straight guide Z Z1 to be displaceable above a casing D pivoted about the vertical axis PY. The slide is displaceable horizontally in such manner that the path of g/l y passes through the axis PY and it is returned by a spring R1.

The axisPY is situatedv on the prolongation of the axis PX in the vertical plane which passes through the centre of the eye C and which is parallel to the arm PlCl.

the triangle of Fig. l will have reconstituted o to PB the value It is 'seen that if tt P101 the va1ue'- given, and to PB the length f D D and the casing Dis turned so that PB remains parallel with the path of the target,

in PBC.

It will sufice to direct the telescope on the target for P101, that is to say the gun', to be directed on the position of the objectiveat 5 the arrival ofV the projectile, leaving at such instant.

maintained, the casing D is connected by a ring of teeth C2 andfby gearing C304 to a ring of teeth' C5 fast with the fixed portion of the gun mounting. The casing. obviously being fixed` to the movable portion of this mounting, it will be easy to select the character and arrangement of the said gearing to ensure that during the rotation the vector PBv preserves a fixed direction in space.

To be able moreover tosecure this vector initially in a position parallel to the path orV tothe base, the gear C3 may be mounted free on the shaft ofthe gear C4. This latter may carry at its end a crank M provided vwith a spring stud r adapted to enter holes formed in the gear C3.

On disengaging the stud from the holes, the casing D can be directed by 'hand and in consequence the vector PB at will; then on letting` thev stud redescend into engagement with 'the holes, the casing D will be connected to the azimuth movement.

It remains to give to PB the lengths a; t r n D i D 01 D at will. I 5 For this purpose the slide C1 is formed with a rack and actuated by a gear E. This latter is itself actuated by a rack cut inthe rod T1 which extends along the vertical aXis of the casing D".

The rod T1 is spigotted at the point J into a second rod T2 which extends it.

In this manner, the rod `T1 can turn withv the casing D, Whereas the rod T2 does not par,- ticipate'in this rotation.

5 The rod T2 carrles at its vend asmall cylinequal to drical gear e pivoted thereon, and which gears differentially with two racks C6 and C7.

The rack C6 is cut in a slide C8, similar ,to

that of Fig. 2, which is actuated in site by the s has been c sin. s k

parallel to PY. y

The rack C7 is cut in a rod parallel to PY formed in two pieces T3, T4 screwed t0- gether. Y

vA stud F prevents by being appropriately guided the piece T3v turning and abuts at H at the bottom of the downward' stroke thereof. i

The'rod T4 bears at its lower end on a cam K actuated mechanically as regards site s and as regards altitude h in the following manner:

On the shaft Gr of the cam K is keyed a Wheel R2 gearing with a worm V5. This Worin Vg is fast with the driving mechanism of the barrel as regards site through the medium 1 of bevel 'Wheels e7 e8. However, this shaft G of the cam may have a threaded portion (not clearly shown) which may be screwed to the frame in order tosupport the shaft. On this shaft is keyed va pinion 610 in engagement withva pinion e9 fast with a driving yrod T5 actuated by a crank M... portion on which becomes'displaced bythe rotation of the rod T5 a rider T, the displacements ofwhich are measured on a scale G2 graduated in altitudes.

therefore a movement This rod T5 itself has a screw threaded s The cam K has a surface such as to Vimpart Y to T.l a displacement equal to:

Vresponding to the correct functioning of the cam K. v

` In this position, this latter gives in@ D whereas the slide gives These movements act dierentially on the roller e which transmits to the slide C1 a dispacement proportional to:

D DVD The apparatus then acts as an aiming apparatus.

When the handwheel Ml is ully lturned in the inverse direction, the stud F comes iinally to abut against H by virtue of the returning eiiort exerted by the spring R1 and the rod T4 screwing entirely on the rod I3 reascends so far as completely to escape the action of the cam K.

The action of this latter is thus annulled and the slide C1 only receives the displacement of the slide C8, that is to say proport- 1 t iona -o D Y The apparatus is then in the condition tov operate to correct parallaxes. Y

It is to be noted that the transition from the one to the other of these modes of operating is eected as progressively as desired and without any shock on the aiming.

Fig. t shows the mounting of the aiming contrivance on the gun. It is clearly seen from Fig. t that the entire contrivance is mounted on the pivoting portion N1 of the gun mounting, the axis of rotation being i Z Z1. In this ligure can easily be seen the exposed members of the aiming contrivance as regards direction constituted by a handwheel W2 driving a pinion W3 in engagement with a circular rack C5 iixed on the base and This figure also shows that the sole connection between the aiming mechanism which forms the subject of the invention and the movement as regards azimuth of the gun is constituted by i the gear C4 in engagement with the circular rack G5 and keyed on the shaft 'of the crankV M. As has been demonstrated.l above this connection enables by virtue of theA gears C2 C3 C4 the constant maintenance of the direci tion of the casing D, notwithstanding the rotation of the platform W;L about the axis Z Z1 that is to say the preservation on the aiming apparatus, notwithstanding the displacements of this latter, of the direction of the path of the objective.

I claim:

l. In a gun for ring a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and being displaced at a constant velocity V in a straight line, a iixed gun mounting, a frame mounted on this mounting, means enabling displacement'of the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, a barrel mounted on this frame,

means enabling displacement of the barrel scale VLD of the triangle formed by the gun,

the position of the objective on the departure of the projectile, the position of the objective on the arrival of the projectile, which enables the values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun. s

2. In a gun for iiring a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and being displaced at a constant velocity V in a straight line, a ixed gun mounting, a 'frame mounted on this mount-v ing, means enabling displacement of the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, a barrel mountedon this frame, means enabling displacement of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame, a telescope movable in all directions mounted on this aiming"- aparatus and directed towards the objective, mechanical movement transmission means interposed between the telescope and the site displacementvmechanism of the barrel, correction means mounted in the aiming apparatusand modifying the eiect of these transmission means according to the characteristics of the displacement of the objective, these correction means being constituted by movable members effecting in the aiming apparatus the reproduction on the scale 71D position which the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

3. In a gun for ring a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and being displaced at a con-v stant velocity V in a straight'line, a. fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted on this mounting, meansr enabling displacements of the frame on themountingin the direction of azimuths, la barrelmounted `on this frame, means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame and Comprising a tangent screw (V1) driven by these displacement means of the barrel in the direction of the sites, a helicoidal Wheel (R) in engagement with this tangent screw, a bearingframe fast with this helicoidal )wheel (R), a screw (V2) mounted in these bearings, means (e1 e2) oi'driving this screw (V2) vindependent oi the bearing frame, a slide (01) screwed on this screw (V2), means for maintaining this slide against any rotai tion, driving means (c) mounted on this slide, a telescope movable in all directions mounted on the frame and fast in thev direc tion of the sites of these driving means, correction means mounted on the `frame and i modifying the eect of these driving means according to the characteristics of the dis-- placement of the objective, which enables thev values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth oit' the gun. f

4. In a gun for iiring a projectile at, a moving aerial objective Vsituated at a distance D from the gun and being Adisplaced at a constant velocity V in a straight line the` projectile making a flight of a duration t, a fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted on thisv mounting, means enabling displacements of the frame on the mounting in ,the direction of aziinuths, a barrel mounted on this frame, `means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame and comprising a tangentscrew (V1) driven by these displacement means of the barrel in the direction of the sites, a.

helicoidal wheel (R) in engagement with this tangent screw, a bearing frame fast withv this helicoidal wheel (R), a screw (V2) mounted in these bearings, means (e1 e2) of driving this screw (V2) independent of the bearing frame, a slide (01) screwed on this screw (V2), means for maintaining this slide against any rotation, driving means (c) mounted on this slide, a telescope movable in all directions-mounted on theframe and fast in the direction of the sites of these driving means, means mounted on this frame for guiding this telescope in a horizontal direction parallel to the displacementof the objective, correction means eecting the'displacement of this telescope-'in this vdirection by an amount equal to which lenables the values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

5. In a gun for tiring a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D vfrom the gun and being displaced at a con-` stant velocity V' in a straight line theiprojectile making a flight of a duration t, a fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted Von this mounting, means enabling displacements ofV the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, a barrel mounted on this frame, means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame inl the direction ofv sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame and comprisingy a tangent screw (V1) driven by these displacement means of the barrel in thedirection of the sites, a helicoidal wheel (R) in engagement with this tangent` screw, a bearing frame fast with this helicoidal wheel (R), a screw (V2)Kmounted in these bearings', means (e1 e2) of driving this screw (V2) independent of the bearing frame,`a slide (01) screwed on this screw (V2), means Yfor maintaining this slide against any rotation, driving meansy (c) mountedon this slide, a telescope movable in all .directions v vmounted on the frame and fast in the direction of the sites otthese driving means, means mounted on this Vframe for guiding this telescope in a horizontal Vdirection parallel to the displacement of theobjective, cor-f rection means effecting the displacement of this telescope in this direction by an amount i t Y i equal to these correction `means being constituted by a support (C1) displaced'in the guide means and fast with the telescope for the horizontal. displacements, continuous mechanical connectionsl connecting this suprport (C1) toa slide (C8)A sliding on the frame, a rolling trackV carried by this slide (C2) and directed perp'endicularly to the direction of displacement of the slide, a roller (G) rolling, on the rolling track, a nut :tastV with this roller, ya screw screwed in this nut, a bearing support supporting this screw and pivoted on the frame, continuous mechanical connections between this support and the means enabling the displacement of the barrel in ,thev direction Vof the sites, driving means vof the screw independent of the frame Y for the displacementtln nut by an amount 5 i v'which enables the values of the site and azimuth of the position whichl the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile tobe imparted to the site and `azimuth of the gun. j

6. In a gun for firing a projectileat a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and bei-ng displaced at a constant velocity V in a straightline the proj ectile making a Hight of a duration t, a fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted v on this mounting, means enabling displacementsvof the frame on the mounting inthe direction of azimuths, a vbarrel mounted on thisfram'e, means enabling displacements of thek barrel on the -frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame and comprising a tangent screw (V1) driven by these displacement means of the barrel in the direction ot the sites, a helicoidal wheel (R) in engagement with this tangent screw,

a bearing frame tast with this helicoidal wheel (R), a screw (V2) mounted in these bearings, means (el c2) of driving this screw (V2) independent ot' the bearing Jtrame, a slide (c1) screwed on this screw (V2), means for maintaining this slide against any rotation, driving means (c) mounted on this slide, a telescope movable in all directions mounted on the trame and fast in the direction of the sites of these driving means, means mounted on this frame for guiding this telescope in a horizontal direction parallel to the displacement orrl the objective, gearing interposed between these guiding mea-ns and the gun mounting and enabling the direction or" these guiding means to be maintained invariable notwithstanding the displacement ot the fra-me on the mounting, correction Vmeans efecting the displacement of this telescope in this direction by an amount equal to 1% which enables the values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective will occupy on the arrival oi the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

7. In a gun for firing a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and being displaced at a constant velocity V in a straight line the projectile making a ight oi a duration t', a lined gun mounting, a trame mounted on this mounting, means enabling displacements of the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, barrel mounted on this frame, means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on this frame and comprising a. tangent screw (V1) driven by these displacement means of the barrel in the direction ci the sites, a helicoidal wheel (R) in engagement with this tangent screw, a bearing trame fast with this helicoidal wheel a screw (V2) mounted in these bearings, means (c1 e2) of driving this screw (Vg) independent of the bearing frame, a slide (c1) screwed on this screw (V2) means for maintaining this slide against any rotation, driving means (c) mounted on this slide, a telescope movable in all directions mounted on the `frame and fast in the direction of the sites of these driving means, means mounted on this frame for guiding this telescope in a horizontal direction parallel to the displacement of the objective, gearing interposed between these guiding means and the gun mounting and enabling the direction of these guiding means to be maintained invariable notwithstanding the displacement of the frame on the mounting, a. crank fast with this gearing, al stud movable on this crank and coming into engagement at will with` this direction by an amount equal to E which Venables the values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective `will occupy on the arrival ofthe projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

8. In a gun for tiring a. projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance D from the gun and being displaced'at a constant velocity V ina straight line the projectile malring a flight of a duration t, the fire being controlled by an observer situated at a distance Z from the gun,l a iixed gun mounting, a frame mounted on this mounting, means enabling displacements of the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, a barrel mounted on-this frame, means enabling displacements ofthe barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aimino' apparatus mountedon this frame, a. telescope movable in all directions mounted in this aiming apparatus and directed towards the objective, mechanical movement transmission means interposed between the telescope and the site displacement mechanism of the barrel, correction means mounted in the aiming apparatus and modifying the effect ot these transmission means according to the characteristics of the displacement of the objective, means for converting sites and azimuths imparted by the observer into sites and azimuths utilizable at the gun, these convert'ng means being constituted by movable members effecting on the aiming apparatus 1D of the triangle formed by the gun, the observation post and the objective, which enables the values of the site and azimuth of the position which the obj ective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

9. In a gun for firing a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a. distance D from the gun and being displaced at a constant velocity V in a straight line the projectile making a flight of a duration t, the fire being controlled by an observer situated at a distance Z from the gun, a fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted on this mounting, means enabling displacements of the frame on the mounting in the direction of azimuths, a barrel mounted on this frame, means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aiming apparatus mounted on the :trame and comprising a tangent screw (V1) driven by these displacement means of the tube in the direction of the reproduction on the scale f amount equal to sites, a helicoidal wheel (R) in engagement with thisI tangent screw, a bearing frame Jfast with this helicoidal wheel (R), a screw (V2) mounted in these bearings, means (el c2) of driving this screwk (V2) independent of the bearing frame, a slidel (c1) screwed on this screw (V2) means for maintaining this slidev against any rotation, driving means (c) mounted on this slide, a telescope movable in all directions mounted on the frame and fast in the direction of sites of these drivii'igv means, means mounted on the frame for guiding this telescope in a horizontal direction A parallel with the displacement of the objective, correction means effecting the displacement of this telescope in this direction by an a slide mechanism actuthe telescope by an amountv equal to a differential mechanism interposed between the cam, the slide mechanism and the telescope, communicating to this latter ajdisplacement equal to e which enables the Values of the site and azimuth of the position which the objective will occupy on thearrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

l0. In a gun for tiring a projectile at a moving aerial objective situated at a distance VD from the gun Aand being displaced at a constant velocity V inL a straight line the projectile making a flight of a duration t, the fire being controlled by an observer situated-at a distance Z from the gun, a fixed gun mounting, a frame mounted onthis mounting, means enabling displacements of the frame o-n the mountingV in the directionof azimuths, a barrel mounted onthis frame, means enabling displacements of the barrel on the frame in the direction of sites, an aim-v ing apparatus mounted on the frame and comprising a tangent screw (V 1) driven by these displacement meansof 'the tubein the direction of sites, a helicoidal wheel in engagement with this tangent. screw, a bearing-frame fast with'V this helicoidal wheel (R), a screw (V2) mounted'inthese bearings, means (el e2) Aof driving this screw' (V2) independent of the bearing frame, a Y

slide (01) screwed on this screw (V2), means for maintaining this slide against any rotation, .driving means (c) mounted on this slide,

a telescope movable in all directions mounted on the frame and fast in the direction offsites of these driving means, means Vmounted on the frame for guiding this telescope in a horizontal direction parallel with the displacement ot the objective, correction means effecting the displacement of this telescope t E, a slide mechanism actuated by the displacing means of the barrel on the frame effecting the displacement of the telescope by an in this direction by an amount equal to D an aXis of the frame, means eii'ecting rotation of the cam (K) about its axis according to the site (s) of the objective, means eecting amount equal to a cam (K) mounted on the translation of' this cam (K) on its axisV accor-dingfto the altitude (h) of the objective, this cam Vby itself alone communicating to the telescope displacements equal to a differential mechanism interposed between the cam, the slide mechanism and the telescope, communicating to this latter av displacement equal'to means (Ml e c6) enabling disconnection of the telescope from the cam and leaving in action only the mechanism effecting the dis- D paratus as corrector of parallax, which enables the values of the site and azimuth of the positionkwhich the objective will occupy on the arrival of the projectile to be imparted to the site and azimuth of the gun.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification. y

RENE RIBEROLLES.

placement and employing the aiming ap- 

